IFR Departures Practice

Instructions Each time this page is refreshed a new set of "Conditions" will be generated:

METAR
Aerodrome
Extract from the CAP
Aircraft climb performance

Based on these conditions determine which, if any, runways are suitable for an IFR departure.

The solution will colour code each of the runways:

Green - IFR departure can be performed as per the Take-off strategy
Yellow - IFR departure can be performed as per the Take-off strategy, however there are conditions that need to evaluated. Refer to the "Notes" and "Aerodrome Operating Visibility / Take-off Minima" for additional details
Red - IFR departure procedure cannot be performed (regardless of the "Take-off Strategy"). Refer to the "Notes" and "Aerodrome Operating Visibility / Take-off Minima" for additional details

Generated values

The number of runways generated at an airport is between 1 and 4

METAR / SPECI

Generated Value

Range of values

Winds

Speed: 0 to 30 knots

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Gusts	50%	5 to 15 knots higher than the base wind speed
Variable direction (when gusting)	10%	10° and 30° left / right

Visibility

Randomly selected from :0, 1/8, 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1 1/4, 1 1/2, 1 3/4, 2, 2 1/4, 2 1/2, 3, 4SM

RVR

100' to 6300'

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
RVR Inoperable	5%
RVR Fluctuating	30%	100' to 6300'

Present Weather

Randomly generated based on:

Intensity	Warm precipitation	Cold precipitation	Obscuration
- no modifier + VC	DZ RA GR	SN SG IC PL GS UP	FU DU SA HZ

When visibility < ⅝ in light winds, the obscuration will be FG or FZFG

Heavy intensities with warm precipitation will include BR

Cloud layers

First layer calculated based on temperature/dewpoint. If winds with gusts exceed 15 KTS, the first layer is cumliform. Otherwise 50% chance layer is cumliform.

Below 10000'ASL, gap between layers 100' to 800', Above 10000'ASL, gaps is 1000' to 3000'

Stop generating cloud after 1 OVC (including VV) or 2 BKN layers. No more than 2 SCT layers after first layer

Temperature

-15°C to 40°C

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Temperature / Dewpoint spread		0 to 20°C

Altimeter Setting

28.00"Hg to 31.50"Hg

Aerodrome

Generated Value

Range of values

Towered

60% chance airport has active ATC tower

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Tower visibility		Within one reporting level of the ground visibility

Elevation

0'ASL to 5000'ASL

Variation

17E to 20W

Runways

Length: 2000' to 5000'

20% chance the surface is turf

General Attributes

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Displaced Threshold	20%	50' to 20% of runway length
Stopway	20%	50' to 20% of runway length
Clearway	5%	200' to 1000'
Runway slope		-0.05% to 0.05%
RVR sensors installed	30%
RVOP exists when RVR sensors installed	70%
LVOP exists when RVR sensors installed	20%
RVOP exists when RVR sensors not installed	50%
LVOP exists when RVR sensors not installed	5%

Take-off Requirements

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Standard ½SM visibility	30%
Not assessed for IFR	10%
Minimum ceiling required for VCOA		500' to 900' AAE (rounded off to nearest 100')
Required take off climb gradient		210'/nm to 450'/nm
Take off gradient to be maintained until		Runway elevation + 400' to VCOA altitude

Approach/Landing Requirements

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Number of appoaches per runway end		1 to 3
Precision Approach Available	30%
Advisory MDA/DH & visibility changes for next A/C category	20%
Precision Approach Advisory Visibility		1/2SM
Precision Approach DH		200'
NPA Advisory Visibility		Randomly selected from 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1 1/4, 1 1/2, 1 3/4, 2, 2 1/4, 2 1/2, 3SM
MDA		150' to 800' HAA.
Descent angle (FAF to R/W)		2.0° to 5.0°
Distance from FAF to R/W		2.5nm to 5.0nm
Procedure turn altitude above FAF		500' to 2000'
FAC offset from runway heading	20%	5° to 45° Left/Right of extended centerline

Aircraft

The climb performance table is built from a randomly generated quadratic equation

Generated Value

Range of values

V_y

70 KIAS to 120 KIAS

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Change in V_y / 1000'		0.2 KIAS to 0.6 KIAS

Maximum acceptable tailwind

10 KTS

Cruise Airspeed

80 KTAS to 150 KTAS

Conditions

METAR

SPECI CUSF 180344Z AUTO 02022KT 2 1/2SM R07/P6000FT/D R36/4000FT/D SN OVC012 M09/M12 A2884 RMK SLP077=

Aerodrome Information

Elevation:	2892'ASL
Variation:	15W
Tower:	Uncontrolled / No active tower

CAP Extract

DECL DISTS	07	18	25	36
TORA	3396	4440	3619	4440
TODA	4150	4440	4150	4440
ASDA	4150	4440	4150	4440
LDA	3396	4440	3619	3829

RUNWAY LEVEL OF SERVICE
RVO	LVO
NOT AUTHORIZED	NOT AUTHORIZED

DEPARTURE CLIMB RATE V/V (FPM)
GROUND SPEED	90	120	140	160	180	200	250	300
250 FT/NM	380	500	580	670	750	830	1040	1250
330 FT/NM	500	660	770	880	990	1100	1380	1650

✱	DEPARTURE PROCEDURE
	Rwy - 18 - ½ - Requires a minimum climb gradient of 330 ft/NM to 3500 or SPEC VIS - Climb in visual conditions to cross aprt at or above 3600 BPOC.
	Rwy - 36 - ½ - Requires a minimum climb gradient of 250 ft/NM to 3300 or SPEC VIS - Climb in visual conditions to cross aprt at or above 3600 BPOC.

TAKE-OFF MINIMA

18 36 : ✱
07 25 : NOT ASSESSED

Performance Charts

Climb Performance

Pres Alt Ft	Climb Speed KIAS	Rate of Climb fpm
S.L.	80	1141
1000	80	1088
2000	79	1035
3000	79	984
4000	79	933
5000	79	884
6000	78	835
7000	78	788
8000	78	741
9000	77	696
10000	77	651
11000	77	608
12000	76	565

Solution

Pressure Altitude	3972'
Aircraft Climb KIAS	79 KIAS
Aircraft Initial Rate of Climb	933 fpm
Aircraft Category	Category A

	Rwy: 07	Rwy: 18	Rwy: 25	Rwy: 36
Notes	Runway not assessed	Tailwind of 18 KTS	Runway not assessed
Aerodrome Operating Visibility (for taxi)		In limits		In limits
Take-off Minima (holding short)		In limits		In limits
Headwind		18 KTS TAILWIND		18 KTS
Crosswind		13 KTS		13 KTS
Required Rate of Climb for Gradient		528 fpm		250 fpm
Visual Climb Over Airport (VCOA)				Authorized
Departure Strategy	Rwy Not assessed PIC to determine procedure		Rwy Not assessed PIC to determine procedure	Standard Departure or Visual Climb Over Airport

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