IFR Departures Practice

Instructions Each time this page is refreshed a new set of "Conditions" will be generated:

METAR
Aerodrome
Extract from the CAP
Aircraft climb performance

Based on these conditions determine which, if any, runways are suitable for an IFR departure.

The solution will colour code each of the runways:

Green - IFR departure can be performed as per the Take-off strategy
Yellow - IFR departure can be performed as per the Take-off strategy, however there are conditions that need to evaluated. Refer to the "Notes" and "Aerodrome Operating Visibility / Take-off Minima" for additional details
Red - IFR departure procedure cannot be performed (regardless of the "Take-off Strategy"). Refer to the "Notes" and "Aerodrome Operating Visibility / Take-off Minima" for additional details

Generated values

The number of runways generated at an airport is between 1 and 4

METAR / SPECI

Generated Value

Range of values

Winds

Speed: 0 to 30 knots

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Gusts	50%	5 to 15 knots higher than the base wind speed
Variable direction (when gusting)	10%	10° and 30° left / right

Visibility

Randomly selected from :0, 1/8, 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1 1/4, 1 1/2, 1 3/4, 2, 2 1/4, 2 1/2, 3, 4SM

RVR

100' to 6300'

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
RVR Inoperable	5%
RVR Fluctuating	30%	100' to 6300'

Present Weather

Randomly generated based on:

Intensity	Warm precipitation	Cold precipitation	Obscuration
- no modifier + VC	DZ RA GR	SN SG IC PL GS UP	FU DU SA HZ

When visibility < ⅝ in light winds, the obscuration will be FG or FZFG

Heavy intensities with warm precipitation will include BR

Cloud layers

First layer calculated based on temperature/dewpoint. If winds with gusts exceed 15 KTS, the first layer is cumliform. Otherwise 50% chance layer is cumliform.

Below 10000'ASL, gap between layers 100' to 800', Above 10000'ASL, gaps is 1000' to 3000'

Stop generating cloud after 1 OVC (including VV) or 2 BKN layers. No more than 2 SCT layers after first layer

Temperature

-15°C to 40°C

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Temperature / Dewpoint spread		0 to 20°C

Altimeter Setting

28.00"Hg to 31.50"Hg

Aerodrome

Generated Value

Range of values

Towered

60% chance airport has active ATC tower

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Tower visibility		Within one reporting level of the ground visibility

Elevation

0'ASL to 5000'ASL

Variation

17E to 20W

Runways

Length: 2000' to 5000'

20% chance the surface is turf

General Attributes

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Displaced Threshold	20%	50' to 20% of runway length
Stopway	20%	50' to 20% of runway length
Clearway	5%	200' to 1000'
Runway slope		-0.05% to 0.05%
RVR sensors installed	30%
RVOP exists when RVR sensors installed	70%
LVOP exists when RVR sensors installed	20%
RVOP exists when RVR sensors not installed	50%
LVOP exists when RVR sensors not installed	5%

Take-off Requirements

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Standard ½SM visibility	30%
Not assessed for IFR	10%
Minimum ceiling required for VCOA		500' to 900' AAE (rounded off to nearest 100')
Required take off climb gradient		210'/nm to 450'/nm
Take off gradient to be maintained until		Runway elevation + 400' to VCOA altitude

Approach/Landing Requirements

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Number of appoaches per runway end		1 to 3
Precision Approach Available	30%
Advisory MDA/DH & visibility changes for next A/C category	20%
Precision Approach Advisory Visibility		1/2SM
Precision Approach DH		200'
NPA Advisory Visibility		Randomly selected from 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1 1/4, 1 1/2, 1 3/4, 2, 2 1/4, 2 1/2, 3SM
MDA		150' to 800' HAA.
Descent angle (FAF to R/W)		2.0° to 5.0°
Distance from FAF to R/W		2.5nm to 5.0nm
Procedure turn altitude above FAF		500' to 2000'
FAC offset from runway heading	20%	5° to 45° Left/Right of extended centerline

Aircraft

The climb performance table is built from a randomly generated quadratic equation

Generated Value

Range of values

V_y

70 KIAS to 120 KIAS

Additional Attributes	Probability	Range
Change in V_y / 1000'		0.2 KIAS to 0.6 KIAS

Maximum acceptable tailwind

10 KTS

Cruise Airspeed

80 KTAS to 150 KTAS

Conditions

METAR

METAR CSFG 291600Z AUTO 32020KT 1/2SM R25/3500FT/N R27/P6000FT/U DU OVC068 35/18 A2829 RMK SLP058=

Aerodrome Information

Elevation:	715'ASL
Variation:	10W
Tower:	Tower Active. Visibility: ⅜SM

CAP Extract

DECL DISTS	07	09	13	25	27	31
TORA	3364	4530	2390	3700	4530	2390
TODA	3700	4530	2390	3700	4530	2390
ASDA	3700	4530	2390	3700	4530	2390
LDA	3364	4530	2390	3700	4015	2390

RUNWAY LEVEL OF SERVICE
RVO	LVO
NOT AUTHORIZED	NOT AUTHORIZED

DEPARTURE CLIMB RATE V/V (FPM)
GROUND SPEED	90	120	140	160	180	200	250	300
310 FT/NM	470	620	720	830	930	1030	1290	1550
430 FT/NM	650	860	1000	1150	1290	1430	1790	2150
440 FT/NM	660	880	1030	1170	1320	1470	1830	2200

✱	DEPARTURE PROCEDURE
	Rwy - 13 - ½ - Requires a minimum climb gradient of 310 ft/NM to 1100 or SPEC VIS - Climb in visual conditions to cross aprt at or above 1500 BPOC.
	Rwy - 27 - ½ - Requires a minimum climb gradient of 440 ft/NM to 1400 or SPEC VIS - Climb in visual conditions to cross aprt at or above 1600 BPOC.
	Rwy - 31 - ½ - Requires a minimum climb gradient of 430 ft/NM to 1400 or SPEC VIS - Climb in visual conditions to cross aprt at or above 1500 BPOC.

TAKE-OFF MINIMA

13 27 31 : ✱
07 09 25 : NOT ASSESSED

Performance Charts

Climb Performance

Pres Alt Ft	Climb Speed KIAS	Rate of Climb fpm
S.L.	73	1478
1000	73	1433
2000	72	1388
3000	72	1343
4000	72	1298
5000	72	1253
6000	71	1208
7000	71	1163
8000	71	1118
9000	70	1073
10000	70	1028
11000	70	983
12000	69	938

Solution

Pressure Altitude	2345'
Aircraft Climb KIAS	72 KIAS
Aircraft Initial Rate of Climb	1388 fpm
Aircraft Category	Category A

	Rwy: 07	Rwy: 09	Rwy: 13	Rwy: 25	Rwy: 27	Rwy: 31
Notes	Runway not assessed	Runway not assessed	Tailwind of 19 KTS VCOA, visibility too low. Category of aircraft (A) requires 1SM, reported visibility is ½SM	Runway not assessed	VCOA, visibility too low. Category of aircraft (A) requires 1SM, reported visibility is ½SM	VCOA, visibility too low. Category of aircraft (A) requires 1SM, reported visibility is ½SM
Aerodrome Operating Visibility / Take-off Minima			In limits		In limits	In limits
Headwind			19 KTS TAILWIND		10 KTS	19 KTS
Crosswind			7 KTS		17 KTS	7 KTS
Required Rate of Climb for Gradient			470 fpm		455 fpm	380 fpm
Visual Climb Over Airport (VCOA)			Not Authorized		Not Authorized	Not Authorized
Departure Strategy					Standard Departure	Standard Departure

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